Background Notes about The
Sky Inside
By Clare B. Dunkle.
New York: Atheneum,
2008. 229 p.
In 2003, I read an article about the discouraging scarcity of
good science fiction for children and teens. Since I had loved
science fiction as a child, I puzzled over what might have caused
it to dwindle. Lots of modern science fiction titles are gloomy,
I thought. Gone are the glorious exploring-the-universe books
like Space Cat. Gone is the sheer inventive fun of
Norstrilia. We’re left with the grim world of
the Terminator, I mused, and I wouldn’t have cared too
much for that when I was a child. What today’s children
need, I decided, is a science fiction “Henry and Ribsy”
book, with lots of colorful adventure and no messy warnings
about how the Apocalypse is almost upon us. And that’s
what I set out to write.
Of course, it didn’t turn out that way.
I gave my average thirteen-year-old “Henry” character
(Martin is his name) a dog. A great dog! Martin’s dog
Chip is a dog we all would love to have. And then I gave him
an annoying little sister. After all, where would Henry be
without Ramona? The most annoying sister I could think up
was a genetically engineered six-year-old super genius named
Cassie. Cassie represents the next wave of consumer products,
the new-and-improved child. Everyone below the age of eight
is new and improved, beautiful and polite and as smart as
a whip.
Naturally, I expected Martin to be annoyed that his sister
was so smart. But what stunned me was how upset the neighbors
were. I watched Martin and Cassie wander around their neighborhood,
and I saw the dirty looks and heard the hateful comments.
And that’s when it dawned on me: we don’t kill
off races or people we think are inferior. We lash out only
when we feel threatened. We reserve our deepest hatred for
the people who scare us with our inferiority and possible
obsolescence. That’s when we turn to genocide.
So much for writing a book without messy warnings!
Martin’s world has a political structure that seems
to be eerily similar to ours, and yet it is very different.
His parents vote. They vote every day. But they are essentially
powerless, self-censoring puppets of the state. How can this
be?
I’ve been interested in the psychological comfort factor
involved in voting since I studied Russian in college. It
was then that I learned that the Soviet citizens also voted
for their president. They had only one candidate, but they
voted. They absolutely had to vote! And so the whole country
went to enormous trouble and expense to cast its ballots for
the one person who had all the power anyway. The variations
in voting strategy around the world and the role of voting
in keeping a citizenry happy have fascinated me ever since.
From studies of the Soviet Union and Nazi-run Europe, I learned
of the mind games regular people play on themselves in order
not to see big-picture problems. These mind games show up
in The Sky Inside. Martin’s parents talk about
the state-run spying that goes on as if it is nothing but
an inconvenience: “The walls have ears.” When
a video camera secretly tapes them in their own home, they
consider that all will be well since they have nothing to
hide. When neighborhood kids disappear out of the suburb,
they consider that this is probably a good thing since these
children were misfits anyway. And they remind themselves that
the people dying every day on the televised game shows are
obviously criminals and deserve to die. After all, if they
were innocent, they certainly wouldn’t be there.
Nevertheless, in keeping with its original goal, this book
is colorful and adventurous, not dark and gloomy. It celebrates
simple family relationships: brother and sister, boy and dog.
It provides lots of “I’d love to do that!”
moments, and it has lots of fun tweaking stock science fiction
concepts, such as the clichéd “domed city”
and labor-saving robots. For instance, cookers in every house
provide the evening’s dinner for free; all the homeowner
has to do is select the meal. But I realized that if everyone
in a suburb had the choice of whatever he or she wanted to
eat for dinner, then everyone would eat steak every night,
and the cost would be unmanageable. Consequently, my cooker
is built like a one-armed bandit slot machine, with cheap
meals coming up frequently but great meals coming up only
on rare combinations. The homeowner can slap the lever all
day to try for better meals. Martin’s mom tells him,
“Eat your brandied pepper steak. I spent all afternoon
on it. If you don’t get three red diamonds in a row,
the cooker won’t make brandied pepper steak!”
Does my book have a political ax to grind? No. I didn’t
pattern any of its events on specific events from our day.
In fact, I felt bad when President Bush warned the country
about the dangers of avian flu because I had already written
a chapter in which a president fakes a dangerous epidemic
as a way to control his population through fear. I didn’t
write this chapter as a subtle warning not to fear bird flu;
I wrote it because, unlike enemy attack or earthquake, an
epidemic seemed like a fairly easy calamity to fake. The whole
book reflects our time, but it doesn’t set out to pick
on any particular person, party, or group within this time.
If The Sky Inside has any political message to deliver,
it is this: If we spend more time shopping for our next car
than we do for our next president, we shouldn’t be surprised
if our country suffers for it.
Early in the book, Cassie tells about reading Peter Pan,
in which “Tinkerbell thought she could keep her job
if enough little children believed in advertising.”
I based this grotesque rewrite of a classic on some of the
ghastly movies coming out nowadays: producers borrow a few
names and the skeleton of a plot from a classic, and then
sadly unsubtle, untalented people go on to create a simple-minded,
action-packed soundbyte out of one of the triumphs of Western
civilization. No one has produced anything quite as awful
as Cassie’s edition of Peter Pan. But they’ve
come close. (Please note that this is not a knock against
P.J. Hogan’s Peter Pan, which I happen to love.)
The television set is the extra character in this book. It’s
always in the background, urging funny and useless products
onto my suburbanites or soothing them with its watered-down
version of real life. In Martin’s state-run and repressed
world, television truly is the opiate of the people. Incidentally,
I had quite a bit of trouble inventing far-fetched products
for my television set to sell. Many of my best brainchildren
already existed! Cauliflower in designer colors? We’ve
got it. The rose-scented bowling ball turned out to be an
actual product, too—and not such a bad idea, now that
I come to think about it.
Copyright 2008 by Clare B. Dunkle. Permission
is given to print this page for educational or private use,
provided the author is acknowledged on the printed copy. It
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